Inexact knowledge and dynamic introspection

Cases of inexact observations have been used extensively in the recent literature on higher-order evidence and knowledge. I argue that received understanding is mistaken. Although it convenient to assume such cases can be modeled statically, they should analyzed as dynamic involve change Consequently, underlying logic epistemic logic, not its static counterpart. When reasoning about knowledge, easy confuse initial situation, observation process, result observation; analyze three separately. This approach has far reaching implications: Williamson’s influential argument against KK principle loses force, new insights gained regarding synchronic diachronic introspection principles.